Pharmacology is the science that examines the effects of drugs on living organisms and the structure of drugs absorbed into living systems. It also contributes to drug development by studying the effects and biological properties of newly synthesized or plant-derived compounds through laboratory experiments on animal models and clinical research on humans.

Pharmacology encompasses various subfields, including pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, clinical pharmacology, pharmacotherapy, neuropharmacology, psychopharmacology, immunopharmacology, endocrine pharmacology, cardiovascular pharmacology, chronopharmacology, biochemical pharmacology, molecular pharmacology, clinical pharmacy, and radiopharmacology.